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Why are colder countries more developed than warmer countries?

  Why are colder countries more developed than warmer countries? If we look at the map of the world, we will notice that most countries that lie outside of the tropical zone, are generally richer compared to countries that lie in the tropical zone. Of the thirty economies classified as high-income by the World Bank, only two small economies - Hong Kong and Singapore - are in the geographical tropics, and these two constitute just one percent of the population of the rich economies. We can also observe that sea-navigable regions are generally richer than landlocked regions, and the regions that are both temperate and easily accessible to sea-based trade almost everywhere have achieved this high measure of economic development. This pattern of temperate-zone development and tropical-zone underdevelopment can also be seen within large nations with diverse eco-zones. For e.g., the sub-tropical U.S. south lagged behind the temperate U.S. north in industrialization. Thus, we can say